Title 24 Iconography Guide

Luminare Dimming

Title 24 Nonresidential indoor compliances utilize dimming luminaires for requirements such as demand response, multi-level dimming, daylighting. Power adjustment factors that lower claimed LPD levels can be earned when select controls strategies are applied. Nonresidential outdoor compliance strategies utilize dimming luminaires during periods where the area is vacant. Part-night lighting control and centralized time-based zone control may also include dimming as part of an energy use reduction plan.

References: Tables 130.1-A and 140.6-A; Sections 130.1(b), 130.1(c), 130.1(d), 130.1(e), 130.2(c), 140.6(a)(2)

In Title 24 Residential and Nonresidential compliance, fluorescent luminaires must include ballasts that are certified to the California Title 20 Appliance Database. While 4-pin electronic fluorescent is generally viewed as a compliant device, the ballast installed must be certified to the California Title 20 Appliance Database. In order to be certified, the ballast must meet all Title 20 requirements.

References: Tables 130.1-A, 150.0-A; Sections 100.0(h), 110.1

In order for residential LED luminaires to be classified as High Efficacy they must meet meet Joint Appendix 8 (JA8) and be certified to the California Title 20 Appliance Database. Residential compliance includes single family homes, hotel/motel guest rooms, high-rise apartment living spaces, dormitory rooms, senior living facility quarters, etc.; all of which are considered generically “dwelling” spaces.

References: Tables 150.0-A and 150.0-B; Section 150.0(k), 150.2(b), 110.9(e), 100.0(h)

Only Emergency Exits luminaires certified to the California Title 20 Appliance Database can be used for Title 24 compliance. This does not include egress luminaires but those that provide egress signage such as “EXIT”, illuminated 24 hours a day and 365 days a year.

References: Sections 140.6(a), 140.8(b)

Fluorescent ballasts certified to the California Title 20 Appliance Database for use within a residential recessed luminaire would be classified as High Efficacy. Requirements to use high-efficacy devices are found in single family homes, hotel/motel guest rooms, high-rise apartment living spaces, dormitory rooms, senior living facility quarters, etc.; all of which are considered “dwellings”.

References: Table 150.0-A, 150.0-B; Sections 100.0(h), 110.1, 110.9(f)

Emergency back-up circuits are commonly used in the design of life safety systems such as lighting to meet the code requirements for safety and noted in Title 24 as low power consumption circuits shown on the design plans.

References: Sections 130.1(a), 130.1(c), 140.6(a), 140.6(c), 150.0(k)

In order to classify a luminaire as High Efficacy for the purpose of Title 24 compliance in residential projects, the device is qualified as High Efficacy. High efficacy luminaires differ by technology. Some examples are LED luminaries must meet Joint Appendix 8 (JA8) and certified to California Title 20 Appliance Database, CFL residential recessed luminaries must contain CFL ballast that are certified to California Title 20 Appliance Database meeting select efficacy requirement, and residential fluorescent luminaires containing fluorescent ballasts that are certified to California Title 20 Appliance Database.

References: Tables 150.0-A, 150.0-B; Sections 100.0(h), 110.9(e), 110.10(b), 130.1(c), 150.0(k), 150.2(b), 110.9(f)

Daylighting Control

Title 24 in Nonresidential Indoor compliance mandates daylighting controls where there are skylit and sidelit zones. In the case of sidelit zones, where there are 24 square feet of glazing inside buildings and 36 square feet of openings or glazing for parking garages. Sidelit zones are separated in primary and secondary zones. Self-contained sensors must be certified to California Title 20 Appliance Database while daylighting systems must be certified by approved technicians.

References: Table 140.6-C; Sections 130.1(b), 130.1(d), 140.3(c), 140.6(d)

A manual ON with automatic off control, commonly called “vacancy sensors”, can be used to in lieu of occupancy sensors especially when short periods of occupancy occur and the lighting is not needed for the short period. Title 24 limits the amount of time a space is lit when a space is not occupied and requires in spaces like offices and conference rooms mandatory controls to turn off a the space when unoccupied.

References: Sections 110.9(b), 110.10(b), 141.0(b), 120.1(c), 150.0(k)

The automatic on and off feature of the occupancy sensor adjusts the lighting load based upon the space’s activity. Title 24 code deploys this functionality as mandatory reducing or turning off power in residential, nonresidential indoor and outdoor compliance requirements. It is also included to as a power adjustment factor to reduce installed lighting loads to meet the lighting power budgets.

References: Table 140.6-A; Sections 110.9(b), 120.2(e), 130.1(c), 130.2(c), 130.5(d), 140.6(a), 141.0(b), 150.0(k)

Title 24 requires that buildings larger than 10,000 square feet have demand responsive lighting controls capable of delivering a minimum of 15% reduction in lighting load in a uniform method.

References: Tables 130.1-A, 140.6-A; Sections 110.10(b), 120.2(h), 130.1(b), 130.1(e), 130.3(a), 130.3(e), 140.6(a), 150.1(c), 150.2(b)

Title 24 requires that a manual switch control with ON/OFF be provided for each area enclosed by ceiling-height partitions. The manual switch must be accessible within the same room and lighting types such as general lighting and display lighting muse be separately circuited. There are some exceptions including large areas including malls, sales floors, industrial facilities, and larger public restrooms. When other lighting controls are included such as a manual dimmer, the ON/OFF functionality cannot be bypassed.

References: Sections 110.9(b), 130.1(a), 130.1(b), 130.1(c), 150.0(k)

Dimmers can be used to satisfy the requirements of 130.1(a) that the multi-level steps offered by a device be accessible by an end user. Manual dimming is also one of the options to fully comply with 130.1(b), in addition to dimmability requirements by source or socket type. Dimmers are part of the PAF offering, but not a requirement.

References: Tables 130.1-A, 140.6-A; Sections 110.9(b), 130.1(a), 130.1(b), 130.3(a), 140.6(a), 141.0(b), 150.0(k)

Lumen maintenance provides an initial lower power level by the luminaire corresponding to typical lumen depreciation factor. The power will increase over time up to the maximum rated wattage to accommodate the reduction in the light over time in the space. Lumen maintenance controls is one of the five function alternatives to meet Multi-level Lighting Controls requirements.

References: Section 130.1(b)

Tuning control provides an initial lower power level (controlled by authorized personnel only). The power can be increased over time up to the maximum rated wattage. Tuning controls is one of the five function alternatives to meet Multi-level Lighting Controls requirements.

References: Sections 130.1(b)

Automatic Time Switch (Indoor)

Astronomical Time Switch (Outdoor)

Title 24 allows for an Automatic Time Switch that controls lighting based on the time of day and astronomical events such as sunset and sunrise, accounting for geographic location and calendar date to as one of the shutoff control functions to meet the requirements. Outdoor applications require the Automatic Time Switch to include Astronomical functionality.

References: Sections 110.9(b), 130.1(c), 130.2(c), 130.3(a)

Common control device that senses sunlight and turn on the luminaires at dusk and turns off the luminaires upon sunrise.

References: Section 130.2(c), 130.3(a), 150.0(k)

Title 24 allows for a signal from another building system such as an Energy Management System (EMS) or Building Automation System (BAS) as one of the shutoff control functions.

References: Sections 130.1(c)

Captive Key-Card Control

Combined HVAC & Lighting Control

Title 24 requires the use of captive key-cards are one of the optional controls to automatically turn off the lighting and controlled receptacles and/or modify the HVAC setpoints reducing energy consumption upon vacancy. These are commonly used in hotel/motels control in which the key that activates the override cannot be released when the lights are in the on position.

References: Sections 120.2(e), 130.1(c), and 130.5(d)

These controls turn off or reduce the lighting power for a portion of the night in outdoor lighting applications such as auto dealerships and building facades.

References: Sections 110.9(b), 130.2(c)

Under Title 24, electrical distribution systems deployed with 120V receptacles used in offices, lobbies, conference rooms, office space kitchenettes, copy rooms, hotel/motel guest rooms are required by Title 24 to automatically shut-OFF when space is considered unoccupied.

References: Sections 110.10(b), 130.5(d)

For use in commissioning, reports can be provided from the energy management system to demonstrate performance for lighting loads, electrical distribution system results, branch circuit measurements, control impact, demand response, daylighting performance, and show where adjustments were made. The ability to report results from commissioning are required for building owner for buildings over 10,000 square feet.

Reference: Sections 120.8(a), 120.8(i), 130.1(d), 130.1(e)

An Energy Management Systems (EMS) is a computerized control system designed to regulate the energy consumption of a building by controlling the operation of energy consuming systems, such as the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), lighting, and water heating systems, and is capable of monitoring environmental and system loads, and adjusting HVAC operations in order to optimize energy usage and respond to demand response signals.

Reference: Sections 120.8(a), 120.8(i)

In Title 24 the use of a countdown timer switch control is limited to single-stall restrooms and closets less than 70 square feet with a maximum setting of 10 minutes or in server aisles in server rooms with a maximum setting of 30 minutes.

References: Sections 120.2(e), 130.1(c)

Square Footage Range

Title 24 utilizes the area of a space to determine when to apply the mandatory requirements. Some examples include office size, controlled space, cumulative permitted work area for Demand Responce, etc.

Title 24 requirement establishes the maximum wattage that can be controlled together to apply the mandatory requirements.

References: Sections 130.1(c), 130.2(c)

Title 24 uses the total opening area in square feet within a building and parking structure determine the need for daylighting controls. The opening in a parking structure can be glazing or an opening and the starting point is 36 square feet. For the inside of a building, the glazing starting point is 24 square feet.

References: Section 130.1(d)

Title 24 outdoor requirements for luminaires rated greater than 150 watts are required to meet the zonal lumen requirements.

References: Tables 130.2-A, 130.2-B; Sections 130.2(b)

This constraint is used in two ways. The first, once the Mandatory Measures are met the requirements dictate that the energy budget must be achieved, commonly called Lighting Power Density in the Prescriptive Measures. For Indoor, this can be done by building or area methods which differs by building and space. Also be aware that the luminaire power can be reduced by a power adjustment factor (PAF) when coupled with certain controls that are not part of the Mandatory Requirements. The second, before a space implements Mandatory Measures a space can have a LPD limit such as greater than 0.5 watts per square foot. This constraint can alter what Mandatory Measures must be deployed for a space.

References: Tables 140.6-A, 140.6-B, 140.6-C, 140.6-G; Sections 130.1(d), 130.1(e), 140.3(c), 140.6(a), 140.6(b), 140.6(c),

In nonresidential outdoor compliance the luminaire height will determine what Mandatory Measures have to be implemented to meet Title 24 requirements. When luminaries mounted on a pole are 24 feet or below, automatic lighting control is required to minimize power consumption when unoccupied.

References: Sections 130.2(c)

Under Title 24, there are many conditions/constraints imposed where 24 hours a day and 365 days a year provide exemptions to counting the lighting load as part of the code requirements such as tunnel lighting.

Reference: Sections 130.1(c), 130.2(c), 130.3(a)